Archive for EU

renewable energy [book review]

Posted in Books, Kids, Travel with tags , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on December 28, 2025 by xi'an

Renewable Energy (2nd edition, 2025), by Nick Jelley is part of the terrific “Very Short Introduction” series, which provides an expert introduction to a topic within 150 pages. (The OUP equivalent of the French series “Que sais-je?” that started in 1941.) The reason for the second edition, as provided by the author, is the “dramatic expansion, and fall in cost” of clean energy products. Unfortunately, it comes out just short of realising the magnitude of the backlash again renewable energy and fighting climate change launched by the second Trump administration and the ensuing added pressure on other countries to reduce further their fuel consumption.

The main sources of renewables are identified as wind, sun, and water, in a first chapter that operates as an historical recap on the evolution of energy sources and consumption. The second chapter stresses the need for renewable to fight global warming and to reverse climate change, with a rather vague discussion of the costs of producing energy from renewable. Chapter 3 focusses on (debatable) biomass, solar heat, and hydropower. Chapter 4 on wind power, with a few paragraphs on the production costs and the reluctance of local populations (that seems to be fuelled by right-wing parties). Chapter 5 is specifically about solar photovoltaïcs, deemed to be now cheaper than fossil fuels inmost countries. And substituting for deficient or inexistent large scale energy grids in some countries. And Chapter 6 deals (briefly) with other low-carbon technologies, like tidal dams (mentioning the 1966 La Rance dam near Mont Saint-Michel, Normandy, we would visit now and then when I was a kid!), wave turbines, nuclear energy, and geothermal power (both heating and providing electricity). Chapter 7 discusses renewable electricity issues with energy storage (batteries and pumped hydro storage), since most solutions cannot be fired at will. The book  addresses neither the loss in carrying electricity over long distances (as suggested p103 between Morocco and Europe, or Australia and Singapore), nor the hacking risks impacting large electricity grids. Chapter 8 switches to decarbonasing heat and transport, where heat pumps and electric vehicles are the most promising venues. Chapter 9 concludes by a more political discussion of the transition to renewable, pointing out the Chinese leadership in switching to solar and wind capacities. And the brake put on the transition by international crisis such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine that keep subsidies on fuel consumption. And make European countries divesting from this transition to invest in military budgets.

While the book manages a proper introduction to renewable energy and stays up-to-date with the current developments, I find it a bit overly optimistic on the prospect of achieving COP goals and carbon neutrality. Beyond the geostrategic issues briefly mentioned in the concluding chapter, there is no mention made of the exploding energy consumption of AIs and of the limited investments of AI companies into renewable energies… Reducing energy demand does not even occupy one page of the book (p127). Similarly, I find too little discussion of the political and human aspects of using renewables, eg photovoltaïcs and batteries, which resurfaced in the recent Chinese blockade on rare earths or coverages (as in Nature, 04 Nov 2025) on the extreme hardship of extracting minerals. Contrary to those (aspects) for massive dams affecting the local populations and in the dispute between countries or States. And also little on the environmental costs of producing and recycling both solar and wind farms, in contrast with hydroelectricity. Surprisingly, nuclear energy is evacuated in one paragraph in Chapter 2, on safety arguments. If reappearing in Chapter 6 with further concerns about the overall cost of nuclear energy.

[The usual disclaimer applies, namely that this bicephalic review is likely to appear later in CHANCE, in my book reviews column.]

our closest enemy [verbatim]

Posted in Books, Travel with tags , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on December 17, 2025 by xi'an

It was clear from day #1 of the Trump -2.0 presidency (or day #25 if waiting for JB Vance’s attacks  at the 61st Munich Security Conference) that it no longer considered Europe as a de facto ally, that the European Union should be terminated for being “set up to take advantage of” the USA, and  that that its regulations and institutions were attacking freedom of opinion—for far-right parties—and of conducting business—for American companies. The November National Security Strategy published by the White House makes this even clearer and shows how deeply it is aligned with the “great replacement” conspiracy theory of these white supremacy parties, as well as downsizing the Russian menace. Ghastly.

Continental Europe has been losing share of global GDP (…) partly owing to national and transnational regulations that undermine creativity and industriousness. But this economic decline is eclipsed by the real and more stark prospect of civilizational erasure. The larger issues facing Europe include activities of the European Union and other transnational bodies that undermine political liberty and sovereignty, migration policies that are transforming the continent and creating strife, censorship of free speech and suppression of political opposition, cratering birthrates, and loss of national identities and self-confidence. Should present trends continue, the continent will be unrecognizable in 20 years or less. As such, it is far from obvious whether certain European countries will have economies and militaries strong enough to remain reliable allies. Many of these nations are currently doubling down on their present path. We want Europe to remain European, to regain its civilizational self-confidence, and to abandon its failed focus on regulatory suffocation.

This lack of self-confidence is most evident in Europe’s relationship with Russia. European allies enjoy a significant hard power advantage over Russia by almost every measure, save nuclear weapons. As a result of Russia’s war in Ukraine, European relations with Russia are now deeply attenuated, and many Europeans regard Russia as an existential threat. Managing European relations with Russia will require significant U.S. diplomatic engagement, both to reestablish conditions of strategic stability across the Eurasian landmass, and to mitigate the risk of conflict between Russia and European states. It is a core interest of the United States to negotiate an expeditious cessation of hostilities in Ukraine, in order to stabilize European economies, prevent unintended escalation or expansion of the war, and reestablish strategic stability with Russia, as well as to enable the post-hostilities reconstruction of Ukraine to enable its survival as a viable state.

The Ukraine War has had the perverse effect of increasing Europe’s, especially Germany’s, external dependencies. (…) The Trump Administration finds itself at odds with European officials who hold unrealistic expectations for the war perched in unstable minority governments, many of which trample on basic principles of democracy to suppress opposition. A large European majority wants peace, yet that desire is not translated into policy, in large measure because of those governments’ subversion of democratic processes. This is strategically important to the United States precisely because European states cannot reform themselves if they are trapped in political crisis. Yet Europe remains strategically and culturally vital to the United States (…) Not only can we not afford to write Europe off—doing so would be self-defeating for what this strategy aims to achieve.

American diplomacy should continue to stand up for genuine democracy, freedom of expression, and unapologetic celebrations of European nations’ individual character and history. America encourages its political allies in Europe to promote this revival of spirit, and the growing influence of patriotic European parties indeed gives cause for great optimism. Our goal should be to help Europe correct its current trajectory. We will need a strong Europe to help us successfully compete, and to work in concert with us to prevent any adversary from dominating Europe. America is, understandably, sentimentally attached to the European continent (…) The character of these countries is also strategically important because we count upon creative, capable, confident, democratic allies to establish conditions of stability and security. We want to work with aligned countries that want to restore their former greatness.

Our broad policy for Europe should prioritize:
• Reestablishing conditions of stability within Europe and strategic stability with Russia;
• Enabling Europe to stand on its own feet and operate as a group of aligned sovereign nations, including by taking primary responsibility for its own defense, without being dominated by any adversarial power;
• Cultivating resistance to Europe’s current trajectory within European nations;
• Opening European markets to U.S. goods and services and ensuring fair treatment of U.S. workers and businesses;
• Building up the healthy nations of Central, Eastern, and Southern Europe through commercial ties, weapons sales, political collaboration, and cultural and educational exchanges;
• Ending the perception, and preventing the reality, of NATO as a perpetually expanding alliance; and
• Encouraging Europe to take action to combat mercantilist overcapacity, technological theft, cyber espionage, and other hostile economic practices.

ELLIS UnCønference

Posted in Travel, University life with tags , , , , , , , , on August 4, 2025 by xi'an

shoot the messenger & cook the books

Posted in Books, Statistics with tags , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on August 2, 2025 by xi'an

Heads of Official Statistics Bureaux has been subjected to suspicion and sometimes prosecution from their governments in the recent past, the most notable cases being Agentina with Graciela Bevacqua and Greece (with Andreas Georgiou), while the ASA and the ISI expressed deep concern this year about the  dismissal of Dominik Rozkrut as President of Statistics Poland. Now this undemocratic tide against the independence of official statistics has reached America, with Agent Orange firing the commissioner of the Bureau of Labor Statistics because he did not like the (un)employment report!! Rather than reflecting on the massive impact on the economy of his own, chaotic, economic decisions and counter-decisions.

“What do we do when the president of the United States behaves [like a 5-year-old]? On Friday, President Trump fired the head of the Bureau of Labor Statistics — the nation’s workaday scorekeeper of employment, wages and productivity. Why? Because the data didn’t make Mr. Trump look good. The statistics were inconvenient. So the president didn’t just challenge the findings; he fired the statistician. That’s not governing. That’s board flipping (…) One danger certainly is that a future Bureau of Labor Statistics head might feel political pressure to fudge a jobs report. The deeper risk is cynicism, the quiet corrosion of faith in institutions. If we can’t believe the numbers, how do we believe anything?” f, Aug. 3

EUrIPS!

Posted in pictures, Travel, University life with tags , , , , , , , , , , on July 28, 2025 by xi'an