Archive for applied mathematics

ERC Starting Grants 2025

Posted in Kids, Travel, University life with tags , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on September 13, 2025 by xi'an

Last week, the ERC announced the winners of the Starting Grant campaign for 2025.  Congrats to all recipients!

I am no longer a member of the PE1 (maths & data sciences) panel, hence did not contribute in the least to this selection. I noticed very few statistics and data science in the list (albeit obviously not hinting at any correlation with the previous sentence!), except for a project on computational stats. There is neither no one from my departments, even tough Warwick received one grant, nor from my research circles. The re-emergence of the UK as a strong proponent among the nations submitting projects is clear, while Italian candidates remain highly successful (incl. Bocconi!).

Since the EU States did not manage to unanimously agree on suspending the Article 2 of the EU-Israel Association Agreement last summer, despite Israel’s breach of human rights on the Gaza strip, there are also ten Israeli projects supported by EU on this round. (Unless the latest announcement of further sanctions by President Ursula von der Leyen suspending bilateral support to Israel does cover this financing.)

Data science ethics [book review]

Posted in Books, Statistics, University life with tags , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on May 5, 2025 by xi'an

Data science ethics (concepts, techniques and cautionary tales), by David Martens, was published in 2022 by Oxford University Press. The book is inspired by the author’s  course on Data Science and ethics he has been teaching at the University of Antwerp. (With a link to his slides.) The 255p book proceeds by decomposing the ethics of data science into its different steps: data gathering (Chap. 2), data preprocessing (Chap. 3), modelling (Chap. 4), evaluation (Chap. 5), and deployment (Chap. 6). Following the `FAT Flow Framework´, where FAT stands for fairness, accountability, and transparency.

Do not expect much maths, stats, or anything quantitative: this book is mostly about concepts, even though some (mostly well-known) illustrations are provided. Chapter 2 includes a description of encryption (with homomorphic encryption treated in Chapter 4). And somewhat improbably quantum computing. Differential privacy gets a few pages with not a single formula (until Chapter 4, again).

Chapter 3 covers k-anonymity, record linkage, reidentification, (through cautionary tales) and discrimination through biases in the (learning) dataset.  Chapter 4 is defining ε differential privacy with the Laplace randomization as a possible implementation and with no critical stance on the limitations of the concept. The computation limitations of homomorphic encryption are more clearly pointed out. Federated learning is only quickly mentioned. The section about measuring fairness and reducing bias implies that some prior knowledge is available about whom is potentially discriminated and which covariates to add to the model. The last section on explicability of predictions is worthwhile in signalling the difficulty with most (black box) AI but the example opposing an SVM model to a logistic model is not tremendously convincing in that neither model is true.

Chapter 5 addresses the crucial challenge of ethical evaluation in a rather verbose and vague manner. For instance, with no instruction on how to resist adversarial attacks. Or criticising p-hacking and multiple testing while missing the elephant in the room (p-values!). Drifting from the topic when discussing the misdeeds of Diederik Stapel. Most of the same goes about Chapter 6 and its take on ethical deployment, when going through examples such as Google’s policies in China. Or general musing on the impact of AI on societal inequalities (with mentions of companies and CEOs who have since then back-pedalled on their ethical engagement). These chapters are lacking in tools and (more) practical recommendations.

One interesting aspect of the book is the attention paid to the EU(ropean) aspect of these concerns, through the GDPR (General DAta Protection Regulations) adopted by the European Parliament in 2016. (There is also a brief mention of China’s regulations, but no details beyond a reference. Maybe the Chinese edition differs.)

the polls weren’t wrong [alt book review]

Posted in Statistics with tags , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on April 1, 2025 by xi'an

2024 ERC Starting Grants announced

Posted in Kids, pictures, Running, Travel, University life with tags , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on September 22, 2024 by xi'an

Today the European Research Council (ERC) has made public which Starting Grants proposals were selected this year, for a total amount of €780m. Congrats to all recipients!These include 14 grants for the PE1 panel in which I sat earlier this year for the fourth and final time. (The PE1 panel stands within the Physical Sciences and Engineering domain and covers pure maths, applied maths, mathematical foundations of computer science, mathematical physics, and statistics.) I have found the whole experience highly interesting, from getting a snapshot of on-going directions in the broad field (for topics I could understand) to interacting constructively with colleagues from different fields and cultures, to appreciating the clear protocols and instructions provided by the ERC and its highly efficient officers, if representing a significant time investment over these years.
This round of selections saw the return of UK applications, following the long-delayed agreement between the EU and the UK, with Warwick Thomas Berrett’s proposal among the winners. (Whose evaluation I obviously took no part whatsoever, following ERC rules governing conflicts of interest. Ditto for applications from PSL.)

Tanuka Chattopadhyay (26 Jan 1963 – 16 Oct 2023)

Posted in Statistics, Travel, University life with tags , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on November 25, 2023 by xi'an

Most sadly, I learned today that applied mathematics Professor Tanuka Chattopadhyay, from the University of Calcutta, had passed away last month. We had been briefly collaborating after I met her and her husband Asis Chattopadhyay, also Professor of Statistics at the University of Calcutta, following a Franco-Indian workshop in Bangalore. Discussing research directions in astrostatistics in Kolkata and later in Paris, when they visited. We had not been in touch for a few years and I was not aware she was severely ill. Dedicated researcher and mentor, as well as contributing to the administration of the University in many ways, she was versed in classical Indian culture and I will keep the memory of our conversations, esp. the one on New Year’s Ewe in Kolkata.

What follows is an obituary written by Professor Ajit Kembhavi.

Professor Tanuka Chattopadhyay (née Kanjilal), a member of the Astronomical Society of India, passed away on October 16th this year, at the age of 60, after a long and heroic battle with cancer.  She was a Professor in  the Department of Applied Mathematics of the University of Calcutta.  She  has been Head of the Department and Dean, Faculty of Science, Calcutta University. At her demise she was  Director, Center for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology of the University.

Tanuka was from  an early age very interested in mathematics. To take that interest further, she joined Presidency College, Kolkata from where she completed her degree  in  Mathematics with  Honours in 1983. For post graduate studies she joined the Department of Applied Mathematics  where she got interested in Astrophysics. She later worked for a  Ph.D. under the supervision of Professor Baidyanath Basu on Explosion in the central region of the Galaxy, the consequent star formation, formation of molecular clouds and structure of shocks.

Over the years Tanuka worked on a variety of topics. Her earliest  papers were on  squalls, thunderstorms and convective instability.  From these terrestrial considerations her interest soon shifted to molecular clouds, star formation and density waves in the Galaxy. In later years she worked on globular clusters, galaxies with special interest in dwarf and ultra-compact galaxies, Gamma-ray bursts, statistical simulation and computation.  In much of her work she used advanced statistical methods to get the most out of available astronomical data.  She has published about 50 papers in international journals, and written four books,  including Statistical Methods for Astronomical Data Analysis written with her husband Professor Asis Kumar Chattopadhyay, published by Springer and awarded an outstanding publication award in Astrostatistics  by the International Astrostatistics Association. Tanuka successfully completed several national and international funded projects and was a frequent visitor to several leading universities in Canada, France and the USA, where she had long collaborations.  She  supervised a number of Ph.D.  students and was a respected teacher and mentor.
Tanuka was a Visiting Associate of IUCAA, Pune from 2002 until she passed away. I met her during her first visits to IUCAA, and  we soon became friends and collaborators.  We were later joined by her husband Asis Chattopadhyay,  who is a Professor at the Department of Statistics in the University of Calcutta and was a Pro-Vice Chancellor and Acting Vice Chancellor of the University.  Asis soon became a Visiting Associate of IUCAA and the three of us organised a number of workshops in Kolkata and other places on statistical methods and their application to the analysis of astronomical data.  Tanuka was a Fellow of West Bengal Academy of Science and member of several organisations including  the  International Astronomical Union (IAU), Astronomical Society of India, and the International Astrostatistics Association.
Using funds obtained under the DST PURSE programme, Tanuka obtained a 14” optical telescope.  This was installed in 2015 on the terrace of a building in Rajabazar College and was used  for sky watching, as well as carrying our research projects,  by students of the Department of Applied Mathematics and other departments of the University. She was also planning to start an outreach programme for school children in Kolkata.  Making the telescope available was an exemplary initiative from a person who was a mathematician and a theoretical astrophysicist.
In spite of her illness, which stretched over several years, Tanuka remained brave, cheerful and full of spirit, and continued to work very hard.  A few months ago, she, Dipankar Banerjee and I were speakers at a meeting celebrating the birth centenary of Professor M. K. Dasgupta.  It was impossible for me to then  believe that the dynamic speaker was gravely ill, with further treatment not really possible.  She talked to me about a visit to IUCAA in December and I was sure she would really come.  But about five weeks after the event, she had to be admitted to hospital one night, after having spent the evening attending a meeting in the Vice-Chancellor’s office.  She did not return.
Tanuka  had many interests outside astrophysics.  She wrote two Bengali novels  Bibashan and Gandhari Santoti.  She was  completing her first English novel when she passed away, which her family hopes to publish posthumously. She had an artistic nature, had formal training in music and dance and was greatly interested in  travel and culture. She was a wonderful wife, mother and mother-in-law,  a great hostess and beloved friend, and respected guide and mentor to many.  She will be greatly missed.
Ajit Kembhavi
IUCAA and Pune Knowledge Cluster